Therapeutic effect of pentoxifylline versus losartan on experimentally induced acute pancreatitis in adult albino rats: light and electron microscopic study

To study the therapeutic benefit of pentoxifylline versus losartan on L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis in adult albino rats. Forty adult male albino rats were used and divided into a control group I, group II which received L-arginine, group III which received L-arginine followed by pentoxifylline and group IV which received L-arginine followed by losartan. Serum amylase and lipase assay was carried out and subjected to statistical analysis. Pancreatic tissue samples were taken and processed for light and transmission electron microscopic examination. Rats that received L-arginine [group II] showed loss of acinar architecture, edema, and zonal degenerative changes. Pentoxifylline-treated animals [group III] revealed apparent small-sized acini with a small amount of electron-lucent secretory granules and the edema was still present in some areas. Rats treated with losartan [group IV] showed an almost normal pancreatic architecture. Most of the acinar cells had normal apical electron-dense zymogen granules, normal rough endoplasmic reticulum, and apparently normal mitochondria. Moreover, there was significant reduction in serum amylase and lipase levels in the losartan-treated group compared with the pentoxifylline-treated group. Losartan was more efficient than pentoxifylline in the treatment of acute pancreatitis induced by L-arginine as indicated by histological and biochemical results

new aspect for the cancellous structure of the human talus

In the present work, 42 adult dry talus of unknown sex were used to study the cancellous bone architecture. Parasagittal, coronal and horizontal sections were cut in the bones and by using dissection microscope and radiographs of the slices the trabecular architecture was studied. It was found that the cancellous architecture of the talus consisted of two sets of lamellae. [A]: vertical lamellae extend from the trochlear to the posterior calcanean facets. They transmit body weight to the calcaneus during standing. [B]: axial lamellae formed of medial and lateral pillar lamellae in the body, axial lamellae in the neck and fan shaped [semiarched] lamellae in the head. These axial lamellae transmit body weight during walking. The axial lamellae at the neck pass with the axis of the inversion and eversion of the foot and load the center of body wight. This structure must be taken in consideration in management of talar fractures and in making perfect talar prosthesis

Identification of sex from patella in Egyptians

The present study aimed to detect the reliability of sex determination based exclusively on patellar measurements of Egyptians. Sixty-two normal right patellae were taken from 62 cadavers [34 males and 28 females] aged from 22 to 70 years and belonging to Egyptian population. Seven measurements [maximum width, maximum height, maximum thickness, width and height of the lateral and the medial articular surfaces] were estimated for each patella and statistically analyzed. The results revealed that the measurements of males were significantly higher than those of females except for the height of the medial articular surface. Maximum width was the most reliable parameter in sex prediction with 93.55% rate of accuracy, followed by the maximum thickness and width of the lateral articular surface. Combination of two parameters showed that the maximum thickness with the width of the lateral articular surface gave the highest rate of accuracy for correct sex determination [95.2%]. These results can help in identification of sex from the patella when no other human remains suitable for sex determination are available

Identification of sex from patella in Egyptians

The present study aimed to detect the reliability of sex determination based exclusively on patellar measurements of Egyptians. Sixty-two normal right patellae were taken from 62 cadavers [34 males and 28 females] aged from 22 to 70 years and belonging to Egyptian population. Seven measurements [maximum width, maximum height, maximum thickness, width and height of the lateral and the medial articular surfaces] were estimated for each patella and statistically analyzed. The results revealed that the measurements of males were significantly higher than those of females except for the height of the medial articular surface. Maximum width was the most reliable parameter in sex prediction with 93.55% rate of accuracy, followed by the maximum thickness and width of the lateral articular surface. Combination of two parameters showed that the maximum thickness with the width of the lateral articular surface gave the highest rate of accuracy for correct sex determination [95.2%]. These results can help in identification of sex from the patella when no other human remains suitable for sex determination are available